Gynecomastia
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Gynecomastia – What It Is, Causes, and Treatment

Gynecomastia is the enlargement of the male breast gland, causing the enlargement of one or both breasts. Although gynecomastia is not a dangerous condition, it can cause physical and psychological discomfort, lowering self-esteem and confidence. Surgical removal of gynecomastia is a solution that provides relief and restores the natural appearance of the chest.

Surgeon’s Specialization and Experience
As an experienced plastic surgeon specializing in gynecomastia surgeries, I have performed hundreds of successful procedures. My extensive experience and knowledge allow me to select the most appropriate treatment method tailored to the individual needs of each patient, ensuring the procedure’s effectiveness and safety. I treat every case of gynecomastia individually, offering comprehensive care and precise, aesthetic results that restore patients’ confidence and comfort in life.

Causes of Gynecomastia
Gynecomastia can occur at different stages of life and has several main causes:

• Hormonal changes – The most common cause is an imbalance between estrogen and testosterone. A high level of estrogen or a low level of testosterone can lead to gynecomastia. This often occurs during puberty, when hormone levels are unstable, or in older men, where testosterone naturally declines.

• Medications – Some drugs, such as those used to treat hypertension, ulcers, or anabolic steroids, may cause gynecomastia as a side effect.

• Diseases – Gynecomastia can be associated with diseases affecting hormonal balance, such as liver, thyroid, or kidney disorders.

• Lifestyle – Excessive alcohol consumption, marijuana use, and an unhealthy diet leading to obesity can also contribute to gynecomastia. Fat tissue produces estrogens, which may cause breast gland enlargement.

Types of Gynecomastia
Gynecomastia occurs in different forms, depending on the nature and location of the enlarged tissue:

• Glandular gynecomastia – characterized by enlargement of the breast gland tissue, mostly affecting young men.

• Fatty gynecomastia (lipomastia) – in this form, breasts enlarge mainly due to excess fat tissue, often occurring in overweight men.

• Mixed gynecomastia – the most common type, combining enlargement of both glandular and fatty tissue.

Diagnosis of Gynecomastia
Before deciding on treatment, a thorough diagnosis is necessary to exclude other causes of breast enlargement such as tumors, inflammations, or gynecomastia related to cancers. The diagnostic process includes:

• Medical history – the doctor analyzes disease history, medications, and risk factors.

• Physical examination – breast examination to determine tissue characteristics and exclude other causes.

• Laboratory tests – evaluation of hormone levels, kidney, liver, and thyroid function.

• Breast ultrasound or mammography – imaging helps differentiate glandular from fatty tissue.

Procedure
Gynecomastia removal surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon uses one of several techniques depending on the type of gynecomastia and the degree of breast enlargement:

• Liposuction – for fatty gynecomastia, small incisions are made and excess fat tissue is removed using a cannula.

• Gland excision – for glandular or mixed gynecomastia, surgical removal of glandular tissue is necessary. The incision is typically made around the nipple, allowing precise removal of tissue and improvement of chest shape.

• Combined technique – used when both glandular and fatty tissue removal is needed to achieve a natural result.
  The procedure lasts from 1 to 2 hours, and the patient can usually go home the next day.

Recovery
After surgery, the patient should avoid intense physical activity for about 6 to 12 weeks. Sometimes, wearing a special compression vest for several weeks is necessary to aid healing and reduce swelling. The full aesthetic effect of the procedure is visible after a few months, when the tissues have completely healed.

Benefits of the Procedure
Removing gynecomastia offers many benefits:

• Improved appearance – a flat chest restores body proportions, allowing the patient to feel more comfortable in clothing.

• Increased confidence – eliminating gynecomastia often improves self-esteem and comfort in daily situations such as swimming or working out.

• Reduction of physical discomfort – gynecomastia can be painful, especially during physical exertion, and surgery removes this problem.

Risks and Contraindications
Like any surgery, gynecomastia removal carries some risks, including infection, swelling, or breast asymmetry. Contraindications include active infectious diseases, blood clotting disorders, and other serious health conditions. It is also important to ensure that the causes of gynecomastia are properly diagnosed and treated to minimize the risk of recurrence.

Cost of the Procedure
The cost of gynecomastia removal starts from 18,000 PLN. For extensive gynecomastia, the price starts from 23,000 PLN.*

• The prices listed on our website are approximate and may vary depending on the individual patient’s needs and the specifics of the procedure. The final cost is determined during a detailed consultation with the plastic surgeon, during which all aspects of the planned surgery, the patient’s health status, and any additional costs are discussed. We encourage you to schedule a consultation to receive precise information tailored to your needs.

Gynecomastia is a problem affecting many men, but thanks to advances in plastic surgery, it can be effectively and safely treated.